Aerial conductor for wireless telegraphy.



c. S/FRANKUN.

AERIAL CONDUCIOR FOR WIRELESS TELE GBAPHY. APPLICATION FILED mm. 4. 1916 1 322, 101 Patented Nov. 18,1919.

AflJ/IGE/VT TRANS/WTTWE STAT/0N UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES SAMUEL FRANKLIN, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO MARCONI WIRELESS TELEGRAPH COMPANY OF AMERICA, 01:" NEW YORK, N. Y., M

PORAFJION OF NEW JERSEY.

AERIAL CONDUCTOR FOB WIRELESS TELEGBAPHY.

Specification 0! Letters Patent.

Application filed March 4, 1816. Serial No. 82,042.

To all whom it may concern:

arated from a transmitting station for duplex telegraphy.

It is known that an aerial system consisting of two frames at right angles to each other, and used in conjunction with a radiogoniometer, can receive best from an two opposite directions and eliminate signals from any two opposite directions at right an les to the first.

ccording to this invention two s milar directional aerial systems, each consisting of two vertical frames at right angles to one another, are erected at equal distances from a transmitting station and at a distance apart which is a considerable fractlon of the wave. length it is desired to receive. The moving coil of the radiogoniometer connected to each directional aerial system is connected to a pair of wires leading to the receiving apparatus which is preferably arranged mid-way between them. Condensers are introduced into the circuits comprising the leading wires, the moving cells of the radiogoniometers, and the coils of the receiving apparatus in order to tune them to the desired wave.

The invention is illustrated by the accompanying diagrams, in which Figure 1 shows a preferred relation between the receiving station and the transmitting station; Fig. 2 shows circuits which I may employ at a receiving station in accordance with one form of my invention; Fig. 3 shows circuits which I may emplo at a receiving station, in accordance wit another form of my invention; and Fig. 4 shows circuits which I may employ at a transmitting station.

In Fig. 1, A, a are two aerial systems each consisting of two equal vertical frames at right angles to each other. They are situatgd at equal distances from an adjacent transmitting station 13 which may have any type of transmitting aerial, nd the distance between them is a considerable fraction of the wave length it is desired to receive -Iresuming the station is arranged so that the direction of the received signals coincides with the line joining A, a, then the maximum receiving power of the combination is obtained when A and a are placed at a distance equal to one half of the received wave length. i

.It is. however, generally more useful to place them at a distance apart equal to one quarter of the received wave length. i Although it is advisable to arrange A, a in the line of the desired communication, considerable variation from this can be allowed.

In Fig. 2 C, c are two radiogonion eters the fixed coils of which are connected in the usual way to the aerial systems A, a .res actively.

be moving coils D, d of the radiogoniometers are connected through tuning condcnsers E, e to coils F, 7 arranged to act upon a common coil Gr which is connected up to the receiving apparatus H through the necessary tuning appliances.

As the directional systems are at equal distances from the transmitting station B the oscillations produced in them by waves from B will be equal and in phase provided all the circuits are correctly tuned; then if the coils D, d are set at equal angles and the couplings between F, G and f, G are e 11:11 and opposite, no effect will be produce in the receiving apparatus H.

With these adjustments, waves coming from any direction differing appreciably from the direction to or away from B will not produce opposing effects as the oscillations resulting in the two systems A, a will not be in phase. I

To eliminate signals from any desired direction other than that of B, it is only neces sary to set the coils D, d respectively, to the angle at which the oscillations produced in the two frame aerials of each system A, a, neutralize each other in their e-fi'ects upon these coils.

The result'is that this construction provides a. receiving'system which will not be affected by waves coming from four dif- Patented Nov. 18, 1919. r

ferent directions, two of which are fixed relatively to the station and two of which are controllable.

The invention can also be used in another way, i. e. supposing the radiogoniometer coils are set to e iminate waves from B and that A and a are a quarter wave length apart, then waves coming in the line joining A and a. will roduce in the circuits connected to the r iogoniometers oscillations which are out of phase 90 degrees. If these circuits are mis-tuned in opposite senses so that the phases of the oscillations in the two circuits are advanced and retarded 45 degrees respectively, then waves coming from one direction will produce in the circuits oscillations which oppose, and waves comin from the other direction will produce osci ations which are in phase.

-By cou ling the radiogoniometer circuits, mis-tunet as above described, to two separate receivers H, h, Fig. 3, and arranging the couplings \so that the oscillations in phase with each other in the two circuits oppose as regardskme receiver and add as regards the other, waves coming from one direction will actuate only the one receiver, and waves from the opposite direction will actuate only the other receiver.

It is therefore possible to receive from stations in opposite directions on the same wavelength without mutual interference and at t e same time to transmit from an adjacent transmitting station.

A similar construction can be applied to a transmitting station. In this case suitable radiogoniometers capable of dealin with the ener are connected to two aerial systems Sll'Ill ar to a, and the movln coils of the radlogoniometcrs are supplle with high frequency alternating currents from an alternator or other source such as indicated at M in Fig. 4; then if the adjustments of the radiogoniometcrs are similar, the system will not radiate waves in the directions at right angles to the line joining the two aerial systems nor in two opposite directions determined by the setting of the moving coils of the mdiogoniometers.

What I claim is:

1. The combination at a wireless station of two similar aerials, each consisting of two vertical frames at right angles to one an other, two radiogoniometers connected thereto and a common circuit inductively coupled to the moving coils of the two goniometers.

2. The combination at a wireless station of two similar aerials, each consisting of two vertical frames at right angles to one another, two radiogoniometers connected thereto, a common receiving circuit inductively coupled to the mo ing coils of the two goniometers and an adjacent transmitting station equidistant from the two aerials.

3. The combination at a wireless receivingrstation of two similar aerials situate ht a istance apart equal to a quarter '6: the wave length of the waves to be received-and each consisting of two vertical frames at right angles to one another, two radiogoniometers connected thereto and a commonreceiver inductively coupled to the moving coils of the two goniometers.

4. The combination at a wireless receiving station of two similar aerials situate at a distance apart equal to a quarter of the wave length of the waves to be received and each consisting of two vertical frames at right angles to one another, two radiogoniometers connected thereto, a common receiving circuit inductively coupled to the movin coils of the two goniometers and an. a acent transmitting station equidistant from the two aerials.

5. The combination at a wireless station of two similar directive aerials spaced apart, said aerials each having a plurality of aerial sections which form parts of distinct circuits, and a common circuit inductively coupled to said aerials.

6. The combination at a wireless station of two similar directive aerials situate at a distance apart equal to a fraction of the wave len h of the waves to be received, each of sai aerials having a plurality of aerial sections which form parts of distinct circuits, and a common circuit inductively coupled to said aerials.

7. The combination at a wireless station of two similar directive aerials situate at a distance a art equal to a quarter of the wave lengt of the waves to be received, and a common circuit inductively coupled thereto.

8. The combination at a receiving station of two similar directive aerials situate a distance apart equal to a fraction of the wave len h. of the waves to be received, each of sai aerials having a plurality of aerial sec' tions which form parts of distinct circuits, a common receiver inductively coupled to said aerials, and an adjacent transmitting stati equidistant fromthe two aerials.

9. he combination at a wireless station of two similar aerials, each consisting of two vertical frames at right angles to one another, two radiogoniometers connected thereto, and common receivingmeans inductively coupled to the moving coils of the twogoniometers. a

10. The combination at a. receiving station of two similar aerials each consisting of two vertical frames at right angles to one another, two radiogoniometers connected thereto, receiving means inductively connected to the moving coils of the two goniometers,-and an adjacent transmitting station equidistant from the two aerials.

11. The combination at a wireless receiving station of two similar aerials situate at a distance apart equal to a fraction of the right angles "gomometers wnneeted thereto,

, wave length of the waves to he received, and

each consist' of two vertical frames at to one another, two radiogoniometers connected thereto, and'eommon receiving means inductively coupled to the movm'g leoils of the two goniometers.

12. eoombination at ing station of two similar, aerial: situate at a distance apart equal to 'a'quarter of the wave length of the waves to'be received, and each consisting of two vertical frames at right angles to one another, two radioreceiving meansinductively coupled to the moving coils of the two goniometers, and an adjacent transmitting station equidistant from the two aerials.

13, The combination at a wireless station of two similar directive aerial systems whose centers ares-paced apart, each of said said aerial systems comprising a plurality of horizontally extending aerial sections arranged approximately parallel to aerial sections of the other aerial system, and a coma ,vlireless receiv-- mon circuit inductively coupled to said aerial whose centers are situated at a distance 2. art

equal to a fraction of the wave length 0 the waves to be received, each of said aerial 3y terns comprisin a plurality of horizonta ly extending aeria sections arranged approximately parallel to aerial sections of the other aerial system, and a common circuit inductively coupled to said aerial systems.

15. The combination at a receiving station of two similar directive aerial systems whose centers are situated a distance apart equal to a fraction of the wavelength of the waves to be received, each of said aerial systems comprising a plurality of horizontally'extendmg aerial sections arranged approximately parallel to aerial sections of the other aerial system, a common receiver inductivel coupled to said aerial systems, and an jacent transmitting station equidistant from the two aerials;

CHARLES SAMUEL FRANKLIN. 

